A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_URI::$config is deprecated
Filename: core/URI.php
Line Number: 102
Backtrace:
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Router::$uri is deprecated
Filename: core/Router.php
Line Number: 128
Backtrace:
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Blog::$benchmark is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 83
Backtrace:
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Blog::$hooks is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 83
Backtrace:
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Blog::$config is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 83
Backtrace:
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Blog::$log is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 83
Backtrace:
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Blog::$utf8 is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 83
Backtrace:
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Blog::$uri is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 83
Backtrace:
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Blog::$exceptions is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 83
Backtrace:
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Blog::$router is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 83
Backtrace:
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Blog::$output is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 83
Backtrace:
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Blog::$security is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 83
Backtrace:
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Blog::$input is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 83
Backtrace:
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Blog::$lang is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 83
Backtrace:
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Blog::$db is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 397
Backtrace:
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_DB_mysqli_driver::$failover is deprecated
Filename: database/DB_driver.php
Line Number: 372
Backtrace:
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Blog::$email is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 1284
Backtrace:
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 303
Backtrace:
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: session_set_cookie_params(): Session cookie parameters cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 328
Backtrace:
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 355
Backtrace:
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 365
Backtrace:
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 366
Backtrace:
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 367
Backtrace:
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 368
Backtrace:
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 426
Backtrace:
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: session_set_save_handler(): Session save handler cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 110
Backtrace:
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: session_start(): Session cannot be started after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 137
Backtrace:
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Blog::$session is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 1284
Backtrace:
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Blog::$form_validation is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 1284
Backtrace:
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Blog::$pagination is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 1284
Backtrace:
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Blog::$zip is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 1284
Backtrace:
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$load is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 932
Backtrace:
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/application/controllers/Blog.php
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$benchmark is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 932
Backtrace:
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/application/controllers/Blog.php
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$hooks is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 932
Backtrace:
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/application/controllers/Blog.php
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$config is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 932
Backtrace:
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/application/controllers/Blog.php
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$log is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 932
Backtrace:
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/application/controllers/Blog.php
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$utf8 is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 932
Backtrace:
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/application/controllers/Blog.php
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$uri is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 932
Backtrace:
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/application/controllers/Blog.php
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$exceptions is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 932
Backtrace:
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/application/controllers/Blog.php
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$router is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 932
Backtrace:
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/application/controllers/Blog.php
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$output is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 932
Backtrace:
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/application/controllers/Blog.php
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$security is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 932
Backtrace:
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/application/controllers/Blog.php
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$input is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 932
Backtrace:
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/application/controllers/Blog.php
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$lang is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 932
Backtrace:
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/application/controllers/Blog.php
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$db is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 932
Backtrace:
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/application/controllers/Blog.php
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$email is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 932
Backtrace:
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/application/controllers/Blog.php
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$session is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 932
Backtrace:
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/application/controllers/Blog.php
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$form_validation is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 932
Backtrace:
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/application/controllers/Blog.php
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$pagination is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 932
Backtrace:
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/application/controllers/Blog.php
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$zip is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 932
Backtrace:
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/application/controllers/Blog.php
File: /www/wwwroot/SINHCOMS/VT/main/index.php
Vismrit Tech | Home Startup
Theresa Underwood
Sep 10, 2021
9 min to read
Well organized and easy to understand Web building tutorials with lots of examples of how to use HTML, CSS, JavaScript, SQL, Python, PHP, Bootstrap, Java, XML and more.
CSS stands for Cascading Style Sheets, and is the visual language of the web. With it, we can design how HTML pages look like. CSS allows us to separate between the data of the page, encoded within the HTML, and the styling of the page, encoded in the CSS of the page.
The reason that CSS is "Cascading" is because of the way it defines which styles to use. HTML elements inherit their styles in a "cascading" manner, according to a very specific set of priorities, from lowest to highest:
The browser default Styles defined in the page Some styles will inherit a style to their childs, for example which font to use The last rule to be defined in the loading order will be the one that will kick into effect The element selector (for example, styling all < footer > The class selector (for example, styling all .main elements) The ID selector, used to select a specific element in the page Media type (explained in the Media Queries section) Defining element specific CSS using an HTML "style" attribute The !important CSS override directive (Use this directive only as a last resort) In addition, there are relative "cascading" properties that can stack up relative to their parent, for example line height and font size, for example the rem (relative em) CSS metric which is defined relative to the parent, or the percentage unit.
Defining CSS CSS can be defined using four methods:
1. Inline To define a CSS style using the inline method, use the HTML style attribute:
<p>This is the default serif font. It is commonly used in
printed media for better readability, since letters
are more distinct in serif fonts.</p>
<p style="font-family: sans-serif">This is a sans-serif font.
It is commonly used in screens because it is hard
for screens to render letters with such great detail.</p>
2. Using a CSS tag Defining CSS inline is not recommended at all, avoid it as much as you can. You should always define a CSS stylesheet and use selectors to apply the stylesheets. The Selectors tutorial will give a detailed tutorial on how to select HTML elements using CSS selectors.
Here is an example:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<head>
<style>
.nice {
font-family: sans-serif;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<p>This is the default serif font. It is commonly used in
printed media for better readability, since letters
are more distinct in serif fonts.</p>
<p class="nice">This is a sans-serif font.
It is commonly used in screens because it is hard
for screens to render letters with such great detail.</p>
</body>
3. Using a different stylesheet You can define a CSS stylesheet in an external file (usually noted with the .css extension) and load it.
Here is an example for defining the same CSS class defined in the previous example, but in a file called "style.css".
.nice {
font-family: sans-serif;
}
To load the CSS file, we would need to use the < link >
<link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css">
Please note that the stylesheet should be positioned properly relative to the HTML page. In this example, both the HTML file and the CSS file would need to be in the same directory.
The link tag should be positioned inside the < head >
<!DOCTYPE html>
<head>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css">
</head>
<body>
<p>This is the default serif font. It is commonly used in
printed media for better readability, since letters
are more distinct in serif fonts.</p>
<p class="nice">This is a sans-serif font.
It is commonly used in screens because it is hard
for screens to render letters with such great detail.</p>
</body>
4. Programmatic access HTML elements have the style attribute which you can use to add styles programmatically.
For example:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<body>
<p id="serif-text">This is the default serif font. It is commonly used in
printed media for better readability, since letters
are more distinct in serif fonts.</p>
<p class="nice" id="sans-serif-text">This is a sans-serif font.
It is commonly used in screens because it is hard
for screens to render letters with such great detail.</p>
<script>
var sansSerifText = document.getElementById("sans-serif-text");
sansSerifText.style.fontFamily = "sans-serif";
</script>
</body>
Exercise This page does not have an exercise yet. You are welcome to contribute one by sending me a pull request:
https://github.com/ronreiter/interactive-tutorials
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